Abstract

Women diagnosed with primary brain tumors (PBTs) face unique challenges related to body image distress, stemming from both visible and invisible treatment-related changes such as scarring, hair loss, weight fluctuations, and neurological impairments. This narrative review examines the psychosocial impact of altered appearance in women with PBTs, highlighting the gender-specific dimensions of body image distress and underscoring the need for tailored, evidence-informed coping strategies. While existing literature on cancer-related body image concerns has extensively addressed breast and head-and-neck cancers, research on body image among women with brain tumors remains limited. Factors influencing distress, including age, ethnicity, tumor characteristics, and treatment course, intersect with gender norms and societal expectations of appearance. Psychological consequences such as anxiety, depression, social isolation, and diminished quality of life are explored in depth. Integrating insights from psycho-oncology and neuro-oncology, this review offers clinical recommendations for early identification and intervention, promoting holistic and patient-centered care. Specific strategies are presented for healthcare providers to validate experiences, offer anticipatory guidance, and embed body image support into survivorship planning. This work lays a foundation for future research and interventions aimed at improving psychosocial outcomes among women affected by brain tumors.